Case Study.md (3897B)
1 +++ 2 title = 'Case Study' 3 +++ 4 5 # Case Study 6 ## Overview 7 Connecting consumers of energy directly with renewable energy sources creates a higher certainty that what consumers pay for energy ends up with a renewable producer, and not with a fossil energy plant 8 Challenge: balancing the grid. 9 In energy system based on wind and solar, supply fluctuates uncontrollably, so need to control demand. 10 Vandebron does this with "FlexIOT". 11 12 ## Definitions 13 **LFC:** Load Frequency Control (TenneT system for national power balancing) 14 - respond fast and effectively to occurrence of large Dutch regulating errors with respect to the synchronously linked high voltage grid. The target is to correct within 15 minutes any significant imbalance. 15 16 **TSO:** Transmission Service Operator (for instance TenneT for the Netherlands) 17 - responsible for the balance on the energy grid 18 - when there is unbalance between supply and demand, the frequency on the energy grid will deviate from the desired 50Hz 19 - TSO traditionally pays energy plants to react to fluctuations when upward or downward regulation of the supply is needed 20 - Alternatively, the TSO may pay so-called aggregators (see below) to regulate the demand side. 21 22 **Aggregator** (Vandebron) 23 - collects enough energy-consuming assets to affect balance of national grid 24 - responsible to control these devices based on what TSO says 25 26 **FSP:** Flexibility Service provider 27 - the Aggregator in this case 28 - in the future, will be separate entity 29 30 **MSP:** Metering Service Provider 31 - the Aggregator in this case 32 - in the future, will be separate entity 33 34 **OEM:** Original Equipment Manufacturers 35 36 **CBP:** Crowd Balancing Platform 37 - we design its architecture 38 - we need to take into account exceptions to normal operation that may impact the CBP. 39 - connects FlexIOT and other aggregators to the TSO 40 - enables the delivery of balancing and flexibility on the power grid 41 - addresses for example resources and resource types, balancing, pooling, and bidding 42 43 **Prosumer:** 44 - user of a device enrolled on the platform 45 - acts as a consumer and producer of energy 46 - reap the benefits of the financial compensation for supplying the asset to the system, either through a one time discount (see OEM, above) or through periodical revenues 47 48 **Government Privacy Body:** 49 - needs to be convinced that there are no privacy issues 50 - demands privacy by design 51 - we need to address any privacy issues that may arise, and show how we solved those in our architecture. 52 53 ## Interaction between stakeholders 54 Registration 55 - owner of device (prosumer/OEM) onboards their device 56 - Aggregator (as FSP) registers the available devices and Grid Connection Point 57 - TSO receives a signal that the device has been onboarded 58 59 Bidding 60 - Each Aggregator/FSP places bids or ‘flex offers’ when they have flexibility to offer to the TSO (takes into account any timing constraints) 61 - TSO receives the bids and processes them so that they can be activated when balancing is required. 62 63 Operation 64 1. TSO sends Flex activation signal to the Aggregator/FSP when balancing is required 65 2. Aggregator/FSP: 66 1. receives the activation signal 67 2. acknowledges reception to the TSO 68 3. activates the appropriate flex device(s) to deliver the required power to balance the grid. 69 70 Validation 71 - flex devices that participate in the flex offering collect power measurements shared with the Aggregator/FSP 72 - Aggregator/FSP periodically sends aggregated measurements and baselines (forecasts for 1, 5, and 10 minutes upfront) for the pool of devices to the TSO 73 - Aggregator (as MSP) sends measurements of the individual devices to the TSO 74 - TSO validates whether Aggregator delivered as requested. 75 76 Settlements 77 - SO settles payment with the Aggregator based on the delivered flexibility (MW power delivered). 78 - Aggregator settles payment with the prosumer/OEM based on the power delivered from their device